Global drought is a serious problem that affects various sectors, especially agriculture. As climate change becomes more pronounced, the frequency and intensity of droughts is increasing, impacting the availability of water which is essential for plants. In drought conditions, agricultural land often lacks water, resulting in reduced crop yields. Different regions of the world experience different impacts due to drought. For example, areas that depend entirely on irrigation for agriculture are particularly vulnerable. In countries such as China and India, reduced water supplies threaten rice production, one of the main food sources. Decreasing crop yields results in the risk of famine and social instability. The impact of drought not only affects crop yields, but also produces changes in soil composition. Limited water availability causes the soil to become dry and hard, reducing soil fertility. Water stress can slow the growth of plants, causing some of them to be unable to reach maturity. One solution to overcome the impact of drought is the application of smart agricultural technology. Methods such as drip irrigation and soil moisture sensors can help farmers manage water resources more efficiently. Apart from that, choosing plant varieties that are resistant to drought is also very important. Crops such as sorghum and miliaceum tolerate better under dry conditions. Water conservation programs are also an important part of sustainable agricultural strategies. By implementing conservation techniques, such as wetland restoration and stormwater management, farmers can increase resilience to drought. Education regarding resource management is key to helping farming communities adapt. Moreover, the economic impact of global drought on agriculture cannot be ignored. Financial losses due to reduced crop yields can impact farmer incomes and the food supply chain. Countries with high dependence on the agricultural sector will feel the impact more deeply, resulting in regional and global economic turmoil. From the government’s perspective, it is important to develop policies that support water resource management and increase agricultural resilience. Investment in research and development of agricultural technologies that are adaptive to climate change will be a step in the future. With a proactive approach, it is hoped that agricultural communities can adapt and reduce the impact of drought that may occur. As part of a long-term solution, international collaboration to address climate change and drought is also essential. Sharing technology, best practices and mitigation strategies can help countries adapt more effectively. On a large scale, awareness of the global drought challenge must be part of the agenda of every government and international community. Every step, from agricultural technology to water policy, plays an important role in maintaining world food security amidst climate uncertainty. Continuous innovation and collective awareness are the keys to success in facing this challenge. With the right approach, it is hoped that the impact of global drought on agriculture can be minimized for future generations.
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